The Cosmological Argument For The Existence Of God

Introduction Atheists often insist there is no evidence for the existence of God while maintaining religious faith is fundamentally irrational. This paper will examine the KalÄ m Cosmological Argument (KCA), demonstrating that it offers strong evidence for the existence of God, thereby providing a rational foundation for the Christian faith. Background The cosmological argument is, â€Å"a family of arguments that seek to demonstrate the existence of a Sufficient Reason or First Cause of the existence of the cosmos.† Historians trace an early version of the cosmological argument to Ibn SÄ «nÄ  (c. 980–1037), and philosophers commonly differentiate argument variations into three basic categories. The first, the KCA, seeks to establish the First†¦show more content†¦Common experience and empirical evidence continually verify the causal principle, and falsification has not occurred. These considerations lead Dr. Craig to conclude, â€Å"It is somewhat unwise to argue in favor of it [the first premise], for any proof of the principle is likely to be less obvious than the principle itself, and, as Aristotle remarked, one ought not to try to prove the obvious via the less obvious.† Although it appears irrational to deny the first premise, some scholars have challenged the causal principle on philosophi cal grounds. Deriving arguments from David Hume, philosophers (such as J.L. Mackie) have sought to refute the first premise by contending there is no reason to believe the causal principle is a priori true. Contrary to their assertion, the principle of causation appears to be a synthetic a priori proposition, as it is a universal and necessary feature of both cognition and reality, providing the precondition of thought itself. Nonetheless, challenging the causal principle because it is not a priori true does nothing to invalidate the premise since the assertion does not indicate the premise is false, nor does it compel us to think the antithesis is plausible—that something can truly originate from uncaused. Undeterred, such opponents further maintain that an infinite chain of contingent events could provide a sufficient explanation for the existence of the universe, even if it were void aShow MoreRelatedThe Cosmological Argument For The Existence Of God Essay1556 Words    |  7 Pagesconcerning the existence of God. If God exists, we probably have to make him accountable. The universe would probably have a meaning and a purpose. Also, our very existence may not be cease after physical death. But if God does not exist, we are probably here by chance and we have no accountability to any transcendent. This life is probably all we have, so we should live as we please. The question arises - Does God exist? At first glance, it seems contradictory to prove the existence of somethingRead MoreThe Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God1416 Words   |  6 PagesThe cosmological argument for the existence of god According to St. John 8:31-32 said, â€Å"If you remain in my word, you will truly be my disciples, and you will know the truth and the truth shall set you free†. This sentence is come from the bible, but I am not a christian, so I do not really understand what this means. I guess it was talking about if people believe in god, and trust his words, and in the end the will get the freedom. For many of christians, they believes in god, but many ofRead MoreThe Cosmological Argument On The Existence Of God1444 Words   |  6 Pagesexplain the existence of God; the Cosmological Argument is one such theory. The Cosmological Argument has been changed and reviewed for years; however, the focus has always stayed the same. The universe is a prime example that there is a God. A simple Cosmological argument states that: Everything that exists has a cause of its existence. The universe exists. Therefore, The universe has a cause of its existence. If the universe has a cause of its existence, then that cause is God. Therefore, God existsRead MoreCosmological Arguments On The Existence Of A God2212 Words   |  9 Pageswhether or not God exists. Now there are various conceptions of God within philosophy, but the most simple and widely accepted definition would likely be a â€Å"metaphysically necessary being.† That will be the definition of God for this paper. Numerous arguments have been put forth for and against the existence of a God, and some can be grouped together according to their type. Examples of these arguments range from teleological arguments to axiological arguments to cosmological arguments (to name a few)Read MoreEssay on The Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God996 Words   |  4 Pages The Cosmological Argument attempts to prove that God exists by showing that there cannot be an infinite number of regressions of causes to things that exist. It states that there must be a final uncaused-cause of all things. This uncaused-cause is asserted to be God. Arguments like this are thought up to recognize why we and the universe exist. The Cosmological Argument takes several forms but is basically represented below. Cosmological Argument ThingsRead More The History of the Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God1341 Words   |  6 Pagesof the Cosmological Argument were developed by the world renowned philosophers Plato and Aristotle between the years 400 and 200 BC (Boeree). Medieval philosopher Saint Thomas Aquinas expanded upon their ideas in the late 13th Century when he wrote, â€Å"The Five Ways.† Since then the Cosmological Argument has become one of the most widely accepted and criticized arguments for the existence of God. My objective in this paper is to explain why the Cosmological Argument is a reasonable argument for theRead MoreClarke s Cosmological Argument On The Existence Of God1648 Words   |  7 Pages Clarke’s Cosmological argument has been around for multiple centuries—the purpose of this argument being to try to prove the existence of God. Although this argument sounds valid—meaning that â€Å"IF premises 1 and 2 are true, then the conclusion must be true† — while many people have accepted this argument, it has also caused a lot of questioning and skepticism, mainly because of what the Cosmological Argument uses to support its argument—the Principle of Sufficient reason. Before determining whetherRead More The Strengths and Weaknesses of the Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God804 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God The cosmological argument seeks to prove the existence of God by looking at the universe. It is an A posteriori proof based on experience and the observation of the world not logic so the outcome is probable or possible not definite. The argument is in three forms; motion, causation and being. These are also the first three ways in the five ways presented by Aquinas through which he believed the existence of God couldRead MoreThe Various Forms of the Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God1561 Words   |  7 PagesThe Various Forms of the Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God The cosmological argument is a well established argument for the existence of God and it is also known as the first cause argument. The cosmological argument is based upon the belief that there is a first cause behind the existence of universe and this was God. It has taken many forms and in the past has been presented in many ways. So many philosophers have put their points across, philosophers like; Read MoreThe Key Ideas of the Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God1061 Words   |  5 PagesThe Key Ideas of the Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God A) The cosmological argument is to prove the existence of god. In this type of argument we are looking at cause and not design. This type of argument is an aposteriori argument because it is based upon experience. Thomas Aquinas puts the key ideas into 3 ways. First way is, motion/change. Nothing can move by itself or change itself. The first thing to have moved must have been moved by something else and The Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God The cosmological argument for the existence of god According to St. John 8:31-32 said, â€Å"If you remain in my word, you will truly be my disciples, and you will know the truth and the truth shall set you free†. This sentence is come from the bible, but I am not a christian, so I do not really understand what this means. I guess it was talking about if people believe in god, and trust his words, and in the end the will get the freedom. For many of christians, they believes in god, but many of the treatises of theologians and Christian philosophers can shed much light on the existence of God, the problem of evil and other objections raised by modern unbelievers. So, what I going to talk about is cosmological argument for the existence†¦show more content†¦On the other hand, some people do not believed in â€Å"god-typed† things. To explain this objection, and how the two forms of cosmological argument evade it, I’ll use a simple, generic statement of th e cosmological argument: (1) Everything that exists has a cause of its existence. (2) The universe exists. Therefore:(3) The universe has a cause of its existence. (4) If the universe has a cause of its existence, then that cause is God. Therefore:(5) God exists. This argument is subject to a simple objection, introduced by asking, â€Å"Does God have a cause of his existence?†If, on the one hand, God is thought to have a cause of his existence, then positing the existence of God in order to explain the existence of the universe doesn’t get us anywhere. Without God there is one entity the existence of which we cannot explain, namely the universe; with God there is one entity the existence of which we cannot explain, namely God. Positing the existence of God, then, raises as many problems as it solves, and so the cosmological argument leaves us in no better position than it found us, with one entity the existence of which we cannot explain. If, on the other hand, God is thought not to have a cause of his existence, i.e. if God is thought to be an uncaused being, then this too raises difficulties for the simple cosmological argument. For if God were an uncaused being then his existence wouldShow MoreRelat edThe Cosmological Argument For The Existence Of God Essay1556 Words   |  7 Pagesconcerning the existence of God. If God exists, we probably have to make him accountable. The universe would probably have a meaning and a purpose. Also, our very existence may not be cease after physical death. But if God does not exist, we are probably here by chance and we have no accountability to any transcendent. This life is probably all we have, so we should live as we please. The question arises - Does God exist? At first glance, it seems contradictory to prove the existence of somethingRead MoreThe Cosmological Argument On The Existence Of God1444 Words   |  6 Pagesexplain the existence of God; the Cosmological Argument is one such theory. The Cosmological Argument has been changed and reviewed for years; however, the focus has always stayed the same. The universe is a prime example that there is a God. A simple Cosmological argument states that: Everything that exists has a cause of its existence. The universe exists. Therefore, The universe has a cause of its existence. If the universe has a cause of its existence, then that cause is God. Therefore, God existsRead MoreThe Cosmological Argument For The Existence Of God1957 Words   |  8 Pagesinsist there is no evidence for the existence of God while maintaining religious faith is fundamentally irrational. This paper will examine the KalÄ m Cosmological Argument (KCA), demonstrating that it offers strong evidence for the existence of God, thereby providing a rational foundation for the Christian faith. Background The cosmological argument is, â€Å"a family of arguments that seek to demonstrate the existence of a Sufficient Reason or First Cause of the existence of the cosmos.† Historians traceRead MoreCosmological Arguments On The Existence Of A God2212 Words   |  9 Pageswhether or not God exists. Now there are various conceptions of God within philosophy, but the most simple and widely accepted definition would likely be a â€Å"metaphysically necessary being.† That will be the definition of God for this paper. Numerous arguments have been put forth for and against the existence of a God, and some can be grouped together according to their type. Examples of these arguments range from teleological arguments to axiological arguments to cosmological arguments (to name a few)Read MoreEssay on The Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God996 Words   |  4 Pages The Cosmological Argument attempts to prove that God exists by showing that there cannot be an infinite number of regressions of causes to things that exist. It states that there must be a final uncaused-cause of all things. This uncaused-cause is asserted to be God. Arguments like this are thought up to recognize why we and the universe exist. The Cosmological Argument takes several forms but is basically represented below. Cosmological Argument ThingsRead More The History of the Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God1341 Words   |  6 Pagesof the Cosmological Argument were developed by the world renowned philosophers Plato and Aristotle between the years 400 and 200 BC (Boeree). Medieval philosopher Saint Thomas Aquinas expanded upon their ideas in the late 13th Century when he wrote, â€Å"The Five Ways.† Since then the Cosmological Argument has become one of the most widely accepted and criticized arguments for the existence of God. My objective in this paper is to explain why the Cosmological Argument is a reasonable argument for theRead MoreClarke s Cosmological Argument On The Existence Of God1648 Words   |  7 Pages Clarke’s Cosmological argument has been around for multiple centuries—the purpose of this argument being to try to prove the existence of God. Although this argument sounds valid—meaning that â€Å"IF premises 1 and 2 are true, then the conclusion must be true† — while many people have accepted this argument, it has also caused a lot of questioning and skepticism, mainly because of what the Cosmological Argument uses to support its argument—the Principle of Sufficient reason. Before determining whetherRead More The Strengths and Weaknesses of the Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God804 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God The cosmological argument seeks to prove the existence of God by looking at the universe. It is an A posteriori proof based on experience and the observation of the world not logic so the outcome is probable or possible not definite. The argument is in three forms; motion, causation and being. These are also the first three ways in the five ways presented by Aquinas through which he believed the existence of God couldRead MoreThe Various Forms of the Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God1561 Words   |  7 PagesThe Various Forms of the Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God The cosmological argument is a well established argument for the existence of God and it is also known as the first cause argument. The cosmological argument is based upon the belief that there is a first cause behind the existence of universe and this was God. It has taken many forms and in the past has been presented in many ways. So many philosophers have put their points across, philosophers like; Read MoreThe Key Ideas of the Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God1061 Words   |  5 PagesThe Key Ideas of the Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God A) The cosmological argument is to prove the existence of god. In this type of argument we are looking at cause and not design. This type of argument is an aposteriori argument because it is based upon experience. Thomas Aquinas puts the key ideas into 3 ways. First way is, motion/change. Nothing can move by itself or change itself. The first thing to have moved must have been moved by something else and

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv ) And Acquired...

One of the most prevalent diseases facing the world today is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). HIV and AIDS became widely known on June 5th, 1981 when the US Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported the first instance of this virus. Contrary to popular belief, being HIV positive is not a death sentence. Modern drugs make it possible for people who are HIV positive to be very healthy and live for years without developing AIDS. Also, those who have AIDS can continue to live for many years and be just as healthy as their non-HIV positive peers. Those carrying this virus can live practically normal lives; working, pursuing higher education, having a social life and romantic†¦show more content†¦In fact, some individuals who are positive may be healthier than individuals with other conditions like diabetes or cardiovascular disease (CVD) and may live a longer life if they care for themselves properly. However, some o f the health challenges associated with being positive for HIV are not physical. Even though people who are HIV positive might look ok, they sometimes feel scared, angry, unhappy, or even depressed. They often carry a fear that family or friends, as well as people at work or school, might find out that they are HIV positive and start to treat them differently (HIV and AIDS P. 3). This is the impact of the stigma associated with HIV on the HIV positive community. This typically produces a kind of unhealthy stress that when improperly addressed can lead to additional health problems. Many people with HIV and AIDS suffer from serious discrimination. According to an article titled, â€Å"HIV AIDS Discrimination and Stigma† many factors can lead to this unethical and unfair abuse towards HIV victims. Even with the best of health, HIV can impact people’s lives simply because of the stigma that most people, including family members, hold regarding the disease, causing them to knowingly and unknowingly discriminate against others (HIV AIDS Discrimination and Stigma par 2-5). Those who are aware and choose to stand by the HIV victims are typically limited in their interactions with the victim. The stigma tends to restrict their Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv ) And Acquired... Human Immunodeficiency Virus MGH Institute of Health Professions Joshua Igoe-Muzorewa Introduction Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) continues to be an incredibly important health concern for not only the United States (US) but across the Globe (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2016a). In the US alone, there are an estimated 1.2 million people that as of 2013 are living with the disease (CDC, 2016a). Scientists believe that HIV derived and mutated from a virus known as the Simian Immunodeficiency virus which was prevalent in chimpanzees, during a time that humans were hunting and consuming chimpanzee meat (CDC, 2016a). HIV in the US was primarily discovered and defined†¦show more content†¦Stages of HIV HIV is categorized into three possible stages of disease. Stage 1 is considered the Acute HIV infection stage. In 2 to 4 weeks following exposure to the infection, individuals have reported experiencing flu-type symptoms which last at a varying rate and individuals are extremely contagious without knowing they are infected (CDC, 2016b). Stage 2 is known as HIV inactivity or dormancy (CDC, 2016b). This is a phase that is typically asymptomatic, where there is still a live, active virus, but it is reproducing itself at a significantly low level (CDC, 2016b). With proper medication intervention, this stage can last for several decades, without it, they become more symptomatic (CDC, 2016b). As an individual’s viral load increases, they become more symptomatic, and their risk of infecting others also increases significantly. These individuals are at risk of moving into stage 3 known as Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS); requires a CD4 cell count less than 200 cells/mm or specific opportunistic illness (CDC, 2016b). Populations at Risk HIV goes beyond race and ethnicity, into a category that is called ‘Transmission Category’. The most at risk group here are gay and bisexual men, which are noted for making up 67% of all new HIV diagnoses compared to heterosexual sex which accounts for 24% of new diagnoses (CDC, 2015). Another group that is considered to be most at risk for HIV infection areShow MoreRelatedHuman Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv ) And Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome2589 Words   |  11 PagesOne of the most prevalent diseases facing the world today is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). HIV and AIDS became widely known on June 5th, 1981 when the US Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported the first instance of this virus. Contrary to popular belief, being HIV positive is not a death sentence. Modern drugs make it possible for people who are HIV positive to be very healthy and live for years without developin g AIDS. Also, thoseRead MoreThe Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv ) / Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ( Aids )1199 Words   |  5 PagesThe Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is one of the deadliest pandemics the world has ever known. Unprecedented efforts and resources have been mobilized to fight the infection worldwide. While obvious progress has been made, HIV infection still hit hard and the field of public health continues actively to raise awareness about this issue and help affected people. Public health professionals constantly look for new ways to reach high-risk populations, butRead MoreHuman Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv ) And Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome2096 Words   |  9 PagesHuman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) are complex diseases that are generally misunderstood and cast a stereotype of the people who are infected. A disease that is relatively new in comparisons to some diseases came to light as a public issue in the 1980’s and is now known around the world. HIV and AIDS attack the T-cells and CD4 cells of a person’s body which make them have symptoms similar to the flu. This disease is exactly what the name describes Read MoreThe Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv ) Or Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ( Aids )1281 Words   |  6 PagesA major epidemic across the world is the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Accredited with 10% of the HIV cases annually is injection drug use (AIDS.gov, 2014). A study done in 2010 showed that injection drug use affected nearly 47,500 new HIV infections in the United States. With 625 being males and 38% being female. Breaking it down even further, African Americans made up 50% of the newly affecting using injection drugs, Whites 26%, and Latinos/ HispanicsRead MoreThe Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv ) And The Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndr ome ( Aids )2072 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) do not seem to be a major topic of discussion in the World today. Especially within the United States, HIV and AIDS are not conversed about as openly as perhaps it was in the past two decades. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) at the end of 2010 there were approximately 1.1 million people living in the United States with the HIV virus. Of those 1.1 million peopleRead MoreHuman Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv ) / Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ( Aids )1449 Words   |  6 PagesHuman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) /Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is present around the world. HIV weakens the body’s immune system by attacking its defences against disease this later develops into AIDS which causes for the body to be unable to fight of illness and diseases it usually could (Afao.org.au, 2015). Chad a country of Sub Saharan Africa has an estimated 210,000 people living with HIV/Aids. Working to decrease this a number promotional incentives are being run such as theRead MoreHuman Immunodeficiency Virus Infection And Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ( Hiv / Aids )898 Words   |  4 Pages Pathogenic Agent Identified Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) Virus after the infection of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the immune system is damaged so the body become targets of many opportunistic diseases, which called syndrome, rather than just a type of disease. [1] History of Pathogenic Agent The clinical of AIDS was first observed by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 1981. [2] The region most recent outbreakRead MoreThe Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Or Hiv, The Root Cause Of Aids Or Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome?1532 Words   |  7 PagesSince its discovery in 1981, the scientific community has put up with the struggle of finding a vaccine for the human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV, the root cause of AIDS or acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Although numerous advancements in combating the virus have helped to reverse the epidemic, there is still no known cure. However, recent studies have shown some results that may possibly be the precursors to eradicate the disease. One example would be the trials of a possible vaccine conductedRead MoreHuman Immunodeficiency Virus And Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome1477 Words   |  6 PagesHuman Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome In 1981, the first cases in the United States of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) developed in Los Angeles and New York (Fraser, Burd, Liebson, Lipschik, Peterson, 2008). The illness presented itself among several homosexual males who developed rare opportunistic infections such as Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and Kaposi’s sarcoma (Sharp Hahn, 2011). At the time, medical professionals deemed the infections to beRead MoreHuman Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv )1359 Words   |  6 PagesThis paper explores the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as well as the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). The virus has infected two million adults and children by the year 2005 already. The virus continues to race around the world, and new HIV infections are at 50,000 per year (Martine Peeters, Matthieu Jung, Ahidjo Ayouba) (2013). The final outcome of the HIV infection is Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). There are many treatments that have developed to help the l arge number

Urban Development And Reconstruction Of Cities - 1708 Words

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Through time, cities have evolved and transformed themselves, with that the understanding of what cities are and their roles have also adapted â€Å"How cities are envisioned has effects. Urban designers and planners have ideas about how cities should look, function and be lived, and these are translated into plans and built environments..† (Bridge Watson, 2001:350). During the medevel era, celebrations and events such as saints days or holy days (where the word ‘holiday’ is rooted from) and other festival celebrations played a key role in entertaining the population and divertingShow MoreRelatedEssay on Reconstruction and Industrialization1259 Words   |  6 PagesReconstruction and Industrialization After the Civil War, the nation witnessed two major social-economic movements: Reconstruction and Industrialization, which changed the country completely and made it one of the greatest industrialized countries in the world. 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Like many project that have been constructed at the early 21st century, the Antwerp Law Court have been design to reflect vison for the city as a caring and democratic space with a big connection and a promise for a reconstruction of urban life. The site for the law courts is a Bolivarplaats in a city of Antwerp. The Bolivarplaats is situated on the southern edge of the city’s

Business Law Case Study of Squelch Ltd †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Business Law Case Study of Squelch Ltd. Answer: In this given case study it has been provided that Squelch Ltd., an Australian Public company which manufacturers beverages, encountered an unfortunate incident. One of the technicians of the aforementioned company Leonard had been asked by Jenifer, the director of Squelch Ltd. to physically move within the broken down machinery to resolve the issue. Such technician had resolved the problem, but before he came out, Jenifer instructed to start the machine due to which Lenard sustained serious injuries. The issue in question is whether Squelch should face civil and criminal due to the accident in which Leonard was injured. It can be stated that for the purpose of assessing the issue in context of legal provisions, it is important to discuss the legal provisions of Negligence and Work Health and Safety 2011. An organization will face civil liability in case it is established that there was Negligence on the part of the organization due to which the concerned employee sustained severe injuries. The law of Tort in Australia has been derived from English common law. The Civil Liability Act 2002 also governs thelaw related to Negligence and Tort in Australia. In order to prove that the defendant had been negligent in his actions, the plaintiff is required to establish that all the essential elements of Negligence had been present. The essential elements of Negligence can be defined as: Duty of care Breach of duty of care Causation As held in the case Caparo Industries plc v Dickman [1990] 2 AC 605 a three part test must be applied to assess: Whether the damage or injury sustained by the plaintiff was reasonably foreseeable to the defendant Whether a proximity had eisted between the parties Whether it is reasonable, just or fair to impose liability upon the defendant. In order to establish negligence, breach of duty of care is the second most important element. The objective test as illustrated in the case Vaughan v Menlove(1837) 3 Bing. N.C. 467 is applied to assess whether defendant had met the standard of a reasonable person. The third important element of Negligence is Causation. In order to claim damages from the defendant, the plaintiff must establish that the damage sustained by him was caused due to the negligent actins of the defendant. The causation of damage is generally assessed by the application of a but for test as established in the case Barnett v Chelsea Kensington Hospital[1969] 1 QB 428. Thus by applying the legal principles to the facts of the case it can be stated that the Swelch Ltd had been negligent. The company had a duty of care to Leonard. Such duty of care can be assessed by the application of the objective test as mentioned in the Caparo Industries plc v Dickman case. Firstly it can be said that it was reasonably foreseeable to Jenifer that Leonard would sustain injuries if she turned on the machine before Leonard could get out. There was also proximity between Jenifer and Leonard. Leonard was a technician employed by the company to fix the faulty machine. Therefore it can be assessed by a reasonable person that Squelch Ltd. would be responsible for any injury sustained by Leonard. Thirdly it can be stated that it would be reasonable and only fair to impose the liability on Squelch of any harm likely to be caused to Leonard. Thus in this case a duty of care of Squelch Ltd towards Leonard ca n be said to be existing. Squelch Ltd. breached such duty of care. This can be substantiated by the application of the test as provided in the case Vaughan v Menlove. Any reasonable person in this situation would have waited till Leonard got out of the broken machiner which he was repairing. The damage sustained by Leonard, can be said to be a direct cause of the breach of duty of care by Squelch Ltd. This can be substated by the But For test. It can be stated that Leonard would not have sustained the injuries but for the omission of the negligent action of Squelch Ltd. Thus in this case negligence of the part of Squelch has been established and Leonard is entitled to claim damages for the injury sustained by him. Further it can be stated that the Work health and Safety act 2011 provides that employers can face criminal liability if they do not comply with the provisions of the aforementioned act. They will face a greater liability if such non compliance results in the death and injury of the concerned employee. Thus in this case Squelch Ltd will face criminal liability. Bibliography: Work Health and Safety Act 2011 Barnett v Chelsea Kensington Hospital[1969] 1 QB 428 Vaughan v Menlove(1837) 3 Bing. N.C. 467 Caparo Industries plc v Dickman [1990] 2 AC 605 The Civil Liability Act 2002